These rubrics measure alignment to the Common Core State Standards, usability in a classroom setting, and other indicators of quality, such as text complexity. Since its launch in 2015, EdReports has recruited educators-teachers and other instructional leaders-to conduct its reviews, and to develop the rubrics used to judge materials. Reviews critique text complexity, foundational skills “I’m really hoping it will make people do a double take,” he said. Kareem Weaver, a member of the Oakland NAACP Education Committee and the co-founder of FULCRUM, an Oakland group that advocates for evidence-based literacy instruction, said that the reviews could provide the impetus for school districts to reconsider the use of programs that he says don’t work for all kids. “A bad EdReports rating could be another piece of evidence that those parents could potentially bring to bear” in attempts to jettison these programs, he said. It’s also possible that parent advocates, like those in Minnesota who have petitioned their school board for better reading instruction, could use these reviews. The reviews may influence state-level recommendations, or district leaders might reference them the next time they have to choose curriculum, Polikoff said. Still, the EdReports reviews could affect whether schools continue to use them, said Morgan Polikoff, an associate professor of education at USC Rossier who studies K-12 curriculum and standards. Both give teachers, and oftentimes students, choice over materials and activities. This ethos of teacher agency is one of the reasons that Fountas and Pinnell and the Units of Study are so popular with educators. “The EdReports rubric provides no way to measure these deeply valuable components of an effective literacy system.” “FPC greatly values the importance of responsive teaching and the teacher agency required to adjust, extend, and enrich learning based on individual student needs,” reads one response. In its two responses to the reviews on the EdReports website, Heinemann wrote that the EdReports’ rubrics aren’t a good fit for programs like Fountas and Pinnell Classroom and Units of Study. Open Court, the third program evaluated with these new tools, partially met expectations. These new evaluation criteria also look for what EdReports calls “bloat,” whether all of the content in a set of materials can be taught in one year. It’s also something that EdReports turned a renewed attention toward.įountas and Pinnell Classroom and Units of Study are two of the three K-2 reading programs to have gone through EdReports’ updated review tools for English/language arts, which “dig deeper” into the sequencing of foundational skills teaching. How these programs attend to foundational skills-teaching students to recognize and manipulate the sounds in words, and then matching those sounds to written letters-is one of the main focuses of the critique.
(EdReports reviewed the current version of the materials.) Lucy Calkins, the director of the Teachers College Reading and Writing Project, has announced an upcoming revision to the Units of Study, set to be released in summer 2022. Fountas and Pinnell has pushed back against these characterizations.
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Recently, these programs have faced criticism from educators and researchers that the instructional methods they use don’t align with, or in some cases contradict, the research on how to develop strong readers. The same survey found that 16 percent of teachers used the Units of Study for Teaching Reading. In 2019, a nationally representative EdWeek Research Center survey found that 43 percent of K-2 early reading and special education teachers use Fountas and Pinnell’s Leveled Literacy Intervention, the intervention companion to Fountas and Pinnell Classroom.
These two literacy brands, both published by Heinemann, command large shares of the early reading market. “The materials don’t reflect the shifts-text quality and complexity-especially in K-2,” said Stephanie Stephens, EdReports’ ELA content specialist for early literacy, referencing key components of the Common Core State Standards-a big part of the organization’s review criteria.
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